Content Warning: This blog post discusses eating disorders such as bulimia and anorexia nervosa. If you are struggling with an eating disorder, resources are available here.
At Coast Dental, we’re committed to not only providing top-notch dental care but also educating our patients about broader health issues that can affect their oral well-being. One such serious health concern is the impact of eating disorders, like bulimia nervosa (BN) and anorexia nervosa (AN), on dental health. These disorders are not only damaging to overall health but can also have significant, and sometimes severe, implications for your oral health.
Recognizing the Signs
Eating disorders often carry with them a sense of stigma or shame, making them difficult topics to discuss. In our practice, we strive to provide a compassionate, nonjudgmental space where such important health concerns can be openly addressed. It is crucial to understand that dental professionals can play a pivotal role in the early detection of these disorders, thanks to the oral manifestations that accompany them.
For instance, those living day to day with AN may present with tooth loss or poor gum health as a consequence of chronic nutritional deficiencies. Individuals suffering from BN tend to exhibit distinctive erosive patterns on their teeth, particularly on the lingual (tongue) side of the upper teeth, due to recurring exposure to stomach acids.
Other eating disorders can be harder to spot. Pica, most commonly seen during pregnancy or in early childhood, is characterized by the affected person’s compulsion to eat non-consumable objects or substances. These can range from bits of dirt, paper, and paint chips to objects such as nails or safety pins. These foreign objects can wreak havoc on not only the patient’s teeth, but their entire digestive system. Someone with pica can present with slight chipping or extreme wear on all chewing surfaces depending on what (and how frequently) they ingest. This makes it difficult to diagnose pica with a dental exam alone.
Any of these patterns of dental erosion are a signal that prompts further conversation and, when necessary, referral to a specialist for additional support and treatment.
The Dental Consequences
Eating disorders can lead to a variety of oral health issues, with dental erosion being among the most common and concerning. This condition results from the frequent contact of teeth with acidic substances, including gastric acids in cases of binge-purge behaviors associated with BN. The chemical erosion of tooth structure is a specific risk for those with eating disorders and leads to sensitivity, pain, and an increased risk of cavities.
However, the implications for oral health extend beyond erosion. Dry mouth, soft tissue damage, increased vulnerability to infections, and difficulties with the gums can all stem from nutritional deficiencies and compromised immune responses linked to eating disorders.
The Role of Dental Professionals
As dental professionals, our focus is not only on treating the dental consequences of eating disorders but also on recognizing signs and providing guidance. A sensitive approach to conversations with patients who may be experiencing these disorders can open pathways to recovery and health management.
We use a comprehensive clinical exam and a detailed health history assessment to identify potential signs of eating disorders.
Managing dental health for patients with eating disorders requires a mindful and coordinated approach. Restoration and preventative care should ideally be aligned with overall health management under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
For those in recovery from an eating disorder, we focus on minimizing dental discomfort and restoring the function and aesthetics of the teeth. This can include treatments to address sensitivity and erosion, rebuilding worn teeth, and providing recommendations to protect the teeth from further acid exposure.
Moving Forward Together
At Coast Dental, we believe in the importance of supporting our patients’ overall well-being. If you or someone you know is struggling with an eating disorder, we encourage you to reach out for medical help and to discuss your oral health with us. Together, we can create a care plan that supports your journey to recovery, ensuring your smile remains as healthy as the rest of you.
