Thanks to social media and the glitz and glamor seen on TV and in movies – whiter, brighter, straighter, and lighter teeth have become the norm. Whether we like it or not, white teeth are subconsciously associated with youth, vitality, and are generally more desirable in our culture. This has accelerated to the point where dentists have had to create a special shade “whiter than white”, which has come to be known as “Hollywood white”.
Understanding Tooth Discoloration
Tooth discoloration most often takes form in two ways: intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic (internal) tooth discoloration is caused by changes in the structure of enamel (the tooth’s hard outer layer) or dentin (softer inner-tooth material). This happens naturally with age, or as an effect of inflammation on a tooth’s inner pulp tissue, among other causes.
Extrinsic (external) staining mainly results from dietary factors and smoking; foods containing tannins such as red wine, coffee and tea can give rise to extrinsic staining. Carotenes (pigments found in oranges and carrots) and tobacco use, whether it is smoking or chewing, can also create these stains.
How Teeth Whitening Works
Dentists and their patients have been pursuing pearly whites for millennia. From the ancient Romans who believed in swishing human urine with goats’ milk, to the first person that observed carbamide peroxide caused lightening of teeth in the late 1960s – An orthodontist named William Klusmeier. Dr. Klusmeier had prescribed an antiseptic containing 10% carbamide peroxide to be used in a tray for the treatment of gingivitis (gum inflammation).
We now know that carbamide peroxide and its breakdown products, hydrogen peroxide and urea (maybe the Romans were onto something!), bleach the colored organic molecules between the crystals of tooth enamel and dentin, leaving the teeth looking whiter. In the years since, modern dental science has invented several methods to safely – and effectively – whiten teeth.
Whitening Treatments: What Are the Options?
In-Office Whitening: A concentrated peroxide solution (35-45% hydrogen peroxide) is carefully applied to the teeth, and sometimes supplemented with light or heat to enhance the process. This is performed by trained dental professionals while the patient is in the chair.
At-Home Whitening Systems: Custom-fitted trays with a milder peroxide solution (typically 6-16% carbamide peroxide gel) are worn according to your dentist’s recommendation, generally providing excellent results over time.
Over-the-Counter Products: Readily available options include whitening strips and brush-on formulas. These options are generally inexpensive but are also less effective as a trade-off. The best results are always attained through a qualified dentist. Always follow manufacturer instructions when using over-the-counter products to prevent potential damage to enamel.
FAQs
Whitening toothpastes help remove surface stains but don’t change the actual color of the teeth. Abrasives that are added to toothpastes in varying degrees (depending on the brand) are essential for helping to remove plaque. All American Dental Association (ADA) approved toothpastes contain mild abrasives.
Whitening gums do not contain peroxide, but they do purport to have “patented technology” that supposedly breaks up surface stains. To see any effect, you need to chew two pieces for at least 20 minutes, four times a day – not a problem if you are a habitual gum chewer, otherwise it could become a bit tiring. Like whitening toothpaste, whitening gum does not change the actual color of your teeth.
Final Thoughts
Your smile is your greeting to the world. If you choose to pursue that dazzling brightness, remember to emphasize oral health and consult with dental professionals to ensure the best – and safest – results. Also, keep in mind that “perfection” as a goal is not only prohibitively expensive, but ultimately unobtainable. Rather than having your self-image be dictated by how close your teeth are to the coveted “Hollywood white”, take pride in having a healthy smile that will last you a lifetime – no matter the color.
For personalized advice and treatment options, visit us at a location near you. Call (877) 880-1212 or book your appointment online today!
